Lychee fruit | Litchi Cultivation | Litchi Fruit Farming | Lychee Tree

India’s place in the production and cultivation of Lychee fruit is second only to China in the world. For many years, there is a high demand for large and uniform size and quality fruits in the international market. For that reason, special attention is needed towards good quality fruits. It requires a specific climate for cultivation. Which is not available at all places. Let us tell you that the horticulture of litchi is mainly done in northern Bihar, the valley of Dehradun, the Terai region of Uttar Pradesh and the expanses of Jharkhand state.

Apart from this, efforts are being made for successful production in some areas of West Bengal, Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. The state of Bihar in India is famous for its quality in the country and abroad. Litchi fruits are rich in nutrients and invigorating. Sugar (11%), protein (0.7%), fat (0.3%), and many vitamins are found in abundance in it. The fruit of litchi is also useful for patients and the elderly. The immature citrus fruits of litchi are dried and used for souring.

Lychee Fruit

Lychee is a major summer fruit. Talking about its taste, apart from being sweet and juicy, it is very beneficial for health. Lychee fruit is rich in carbohydrates, vitamin C, vitamin A and B complex. Apart from this, minerals like potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron are also found. By eating litchi everyday, the signs of aging and aging are less visible on the face. It encourages physical development. But eating litchi in large quantities can cause harm. Overeating causes itching, swelling and difficulty in breathing.

Benefits of Eating Lychee

• Litchi can be used to prevent asthma.
• Rich in beta carotene and oligonol, litchi keeps the heart healthy.
• Eating litchi provides relief from the problem of constipation.
• Litchi can be used to reduce obesity.
• Its fruits also work to boost the immune system.
• Eating litchi is beneficial to make sex life smooth.
• Cancer cells do not grow by eating litchi.
• If you have got a cold, then the consumption of litchi is immediately beneficial.

Climate for Lychee

The temperate climate is considered good for litchi production. In January-February, when the sky becomes clear and dry during its flowering, more manjari is made in litchi, due to which more fruits are produced. Due to summer in March and April, fruit development, pulp development and quality are also good. That is, a specific climate is needed for the cultivation of litchi. In the cultivation of litchi, flowers appear in January-February and the fruits are ready for ripening in May-June.

Selection of Soil

Litchi ki kheti can be done successfully in different types of soils. But for this, loam or sandy loam soil and water level should be 2.5 to 3 meters below. The land should be very fertile, deep and well drained. For this, slightly alkaline and neutral soil is considered more suitable.

In the beginning of April, choose the land and plow it and level it. In the first or second week of May, dig pits of 90 cm diameter and 90 cm depth at a distance of 8 meters and leave them open for two weeks so that the harmful fungi or pests available in the soil are destroyed.

Advanced varieties of Lychee

• Dehradun
• Early large red
• Rose cent
• Saharanpur onion
• Saharanpur Piglik
• Royal
• Rose
• China
• Cardamom
• Calcutta
• Circle
• Ramnagar
• late seedless

Scientific methods of amplification of litchi

• By Gooty
• Presenting pen
• By pressing pen
• By Mukulan

Plantation

Litchi should be planted from July to October. Before planting, it is good to plant windproof trees around the orchard and it is necessary in the west direction, because litchi trees protect from hot wind in summer. The pits should be dug and filled like mango plants. Normally litchi plant should be planted at a distance of 10 meters in the soil and in dry climate and less fertile land this distance should be 8 meters. Healthy plants should be selected for planting.

Litchi Plant Irrigation

Litchi should be planted from July to October. Before planting, it is good to plant windproof trees around the orchard and it is necessary in the west direction, because litchi trees protect from hot wind in summer. The pits should be dug and filled like mango plants. Normally litchi plant should be planted at a distance of 10 meters in the soil and in dry climate and less fertile land this distance should be 8 meters. Healthy plants should be selected for planting.

Manures and fertilizers

Initially, litchi plants should be given 30 kg well decomposed cow dung, 2 kg neem cake cake, 250 g urea, 150 g single super phosphate and 100 g murate of potash per plant every year. After 3 years, 35 kg well decomposed cow dung, 500 g urea, 2.5 kg neem cake cake, 500 g single super phosphate and 600 g murate of potash is to be given per plant per year. For 7-10 years old crop, increase the quantity of cow dung to 40-50 kg, urea 1000-1500 g, single super phosphate 1000 g and muriate of potash 300-500 g per tree. Irrigation must be done after fertilizing.

Weed control

Weedicides should be avoided as it can have an adverse effect on the trees. Growing weeds around trees increases the problem of pests and diseases. Weeds can be destroyed by hand or agricultural machinery. By mulching around the tree with a black plastic seat and irrigating by drip method, the weeds are controlled to a great extent.

Cropping

In a fully grown tree, due to the dense branches, sunlight does not reach and at the same time the chances of getting pests and diseases increase. Therefore, remove unwanted or dry branches of plants in the first 3-4 years of litchi. 3-4 main branches of the tree should be allowed to develop, by doing this the fruiting is also more and the attack of pests and diseases is also reduced.

Fruit Harvesting and Storage

The fruit becomes pink in color at the time of ripening and the surface of the fruit becomes flat. Fruit should be broken into bunches. The fruit is not stored for a long time. Therefore, to sell in the nearest market, it should be harvested after it is fully ripe and to send it to the distant markets, it should be harvested at the time of the fruit turning pink.

After harvesting the fruits should be graded according to color and size. Spread green litchi leaves and pack them in baskets. Litchi fruits should be stored at 1.6-1.7 degree Celsius temperature and 85-90% moisture. The fruits can be stored this way for 8-12 weeks.

Litchi Fruit Farming Information Guide Video

Interesting Fact

• The amount of sugar in it is 10-15 percent and protein is 11 percent.
• It is also a good source of Vitamin ‘C’.
• Humid climate is best suited for successful litchi gardening.
• Jam, syrup, sukhota etc. are prepared from the fruits of litchi.
• An important industry related to litchi is beekeeping.
• By planting litchi with scientific method, production can be doubled.
• There is a demand for litchi all over the world because of its taste.
• Bihar is the largest producer of litchi in India.

FAQ

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