Brinjal Farming – In India, brinjal is cultivated everywhere except in high altitude areas. It is a vegetable crop, whose production is highest in India after China. Eggplant plants are found to be two to two and a half feet tall. Many branches grow in its plants. Its fruits are produced in these branches. Eggplant fruits are long, round, and oval in shape. Many types of nutrients are also present in eggplant.
The amount of vitamin ‘C’ is also found in its leaves. Consuming it gives relief in stomach related problems. At present, the fruits of brinjal are grown in green, purple, yellow and white colors. Its cultivation can be done easily throughout the year. If you also want to cultivate brinjal. So in this post you are being given information about when and how to cultivate brinjal and improved varieties of brinjal.
Brinjal farming
Brinjal is cultivated thrice a year in the rainy season, autumn and summer. It is called brinjal or bhata in India. Its vegetable is most popular. Farmers can earn good profits by doing Brinjal farming. So how should the village farmer do brinjal cultivation in his article today? Giving complete information. So that the farmer brother can get good yield and income from it. So let’s start telling the complete information about the cultivation of brinjal.
Climate for Brinjal Farming
To get good yield of brinjal crop, it is planted in hot weather. Due to the low temperature in the cold season, causes deformity of the fruits. Brinjal nursery pouring temperature should be 25 degree celcius. Due to which the germination of seeds is good. The temperature should be 15 to 25 degrees for good production. The temperature is less than 15 degrees or more than 25 degrees. So the flowers stop forming on the plants. Flowers also appear in this stage. So they fall. Planting should not be done when the temperature is less than 18 °C.
Brinjal Improved Varieties
Golden power
It is a hybrid variety, in which the length of the plants coming out is two to three feet. The fruits of Swarna Shakti variety are long in size and bright purple in color. It gives 700 to 750 quintal yield per hectare.
Swarna Shree
A plant of this variety is two to two and a half feet tall, in which many branches emerge. The fruit that comes out in it is white in color and oval in shape. This type of fruit is used in roasting vegetables. This variety gives a yield of 500 to 600 quintals per hectare.
Pusa Hybrid-5
This variety of brinjal is grown to give high yield. It takes 80 days for the plants of this variety to bear fruit. The fruits produced are long and dark purple in color.
Golden brunette
Plants of this variety start yielding 40 days after transplanting. Light thorns are found in the leaves of the Golden Brunette variety of plants. There is no effect of bacterial wilt disease in this. Its fruits are green in color with white stripes. These fruits are very good in taste. This variety gives a yield of 600 quintals per hectare.
- Pusa Purple Long
- Pusa Uttam – 31
- Rituraj
- Pusa Upkar
- Pusa point
- Kashi Sandesh
- Punjab Evergreen
- Arka Navneet
- Pusa Anmol
- Pant
Benefits of Brinjal
- Brinjal vegetable is a very nutritious vegetable.
- It is equivalent to tomato in nutritional value.
- Brinjal is also used as medicine.
- White brinjal is beneficial for a person suffering from diabetes.
- Eggplant fried in sesame oil is beneficial in toothache.
- Vitamin C is found in green leaves of brinjal.
- Beneficial for liver patients.
- Its seeds are appetizer. And the leaves are intoxicating though.
- It is beneficial in heartburn and constipation.
Brinjal field Preparation and Amount of Fertilizer
For a good crop of brinjal, friable soil is required. First of all, the soil of the field should be deep ploughed with turning plows. After plowing the field is left open. After giving quantity of manure in the field, 15 hectares of old cow dung has to be given. In place of cow dung manure, vermi compost can be used. Fertilizer in the field is to be done by cultivating two to three slant plowing.
Due to this, cow dung gets mixed well in the soil of the field. After mixing the manure with the soil, the field is pulverized by applying water. After a few days of plowing, if the soil starts to appear dry from above, then plowing should be done by installing rotavator. Due to this, the earthen lumps present in the soil of the field are broken. And the soil becomes friable. After this, the field is leveled by applying pata. The quantity of 20 kg urea has to be given with irrigation.
Brinjal Plants Transplanting Right time and Method
Plants are planted not as seeds but as seedlings. For this, the plants should be purchased from a government registered nursery. Buy plants that are absolutely healthy. Planting of plants can be done both on the level and on the bed. For planting plants in the ground, 3 meters of beds are prepared in the field. A distance of 2 feet is to be kept between each of the plants in that beds. If the plants are to be planted on the ridge, then a distance of two to two and a half feet is necessary. In planting seedlings, a distance of two feet must be kept between each plant. Because plants grow well.
Brinjal Plants Irrigation
Eggplant plants require more irrigation. The first irrigation of plants should be done immediately after transplanting. During the summer season, its plants require irrigation at an interval of three to four days. In the same winter season, its plants should be irrigated at an interval of 10 to 15 days. Its plants require very little irrigation during the rainy season.
Brinjal Farming Weed Control
For weed control in brinjal plants, weeding is done using natural method. Its plants are at a lower height than the surface of the land. Due to which the plants need more weed control. Brinjal plants require three to four hoeings. Its first hoeing has to be done 15 to 20 days after transplanting. After this the rest of the hoeing is done at an interval of 15 days.
Brinjal Fruit Harvesting, Yield and Benefits
Depending on the variety, brinjal plants start yielding about 50 to 70 days after transplanting. If the color of the fruits in its plants becomes attractive, then they should be plucked. It is considered appropriate to pluck the fruits in the evening. Depending on the improved varieties of brinjal, a yield of 200 to 600 quintals is obtained per hectare. The market price of brinjal is Rs 30 per kg. By which farmers can earn up to 2 lakhs from a one-time crop of brinjal.
Conclusion
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